By Kenneth Marcos 
In the rice fields of Quezon, the low sound of carabaos blends with farmers’ voices as they gather to learn something crucial for their livelihood. Knowing the right time to breed a carabao can mean the difference between success and loss for small farmers who depend on healthy calves and steady milk production.
This was the focus of the returning Ohm AI Kalabaw! (OMK) Campaign, which highlighted the local term “pag-iisli” during its activation program in Sampaloc and Lucban, Quezon Province, on January 8 and 9.
In Quezon, “pag-iisli” is the word farmers use to describe the stage when a female carabao is in heat or estrus. This is the period when the animal is ready to be bred, either through natural mating with a bull or through artificial insemination (AI). Recognizing this stage is vital, as insemination done at the wrong time often leads to failed pregnancy and wasted effort.
The OMK campaign explained the clear signs of “pag-iisli,” using simple language and demonstrations that farmers could easily understand. These signs include restlessness, frequent urination, swelling or redness of the reproductive area, and a willingness of the female carabao to be mounted by others. Trainers stressed that timing is critical, as the fertile window only lasts for a short period.
The activity was led by the Department of Agriculture–Philippine Carabao Center based at the University of the Philippines Los Baños, in partnership with local government units of Quezon. Through the campaign, the agencies aim to improve farmers’ knowledge of animal reproduction and promote proper artificial insemination practices.
Artificial insemination is a key program of the Philippine Carabao Center. It allows farmers to improve the quality of their herd by using superior genetics without the high cost of maintaining breeding bulls. When done correctly, AI can lead to stronger calves, higher milk yield, and better income for farming families.
Super KAI, the campaign’s mascot and learning guide, also returned this year to help explain technical topics in a friendly way. The character is designed to make learning less intimidating, especially for farmers who may not be familiar with scientific terms. By using local language and practical examples, the campaign ensures that information is not only shared but understood.
Quezon is known for its strong carabao-based farming communities, where animals are used for farm work, milk production, and breeding. However, many farmers still rely on traditional methods and visual judgment when it comes to breeding. The OMK campaign bridges this gap by combining farmers’ local knowledge with science-based practices.
Officials said that improving awareness of “pag-iisli” can help reduce repeat inseminations, lower costs, and increase pregnancy rates. This directly supports food security and rural income, especially for smallholders who own only one or two animals.
The campaign also encouraged farmers to coordinate with local AI technicians and report observed signs early. Close cooperation between farmers, technicians, and local governments is seen as essential for the success of livestock programs.
As the OMK campaign continues its rollout in different areas, organizers hope more farmers will gain confidence in identifying the right breeding time for their animals. Better understanding leads to better decisions, healthier herds, and more stable livelihoods.
In the fields of Quezon, “pag-iisli” is more than just a local word. It is knowledge passed from experience and now strengthened by science, helping farmers secure a better future for their families and their farms.
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